Maryna Sakalova To methodology of analysis of social and political movements

The article deals with the problem of methodological analysis of the history of social movements in general and in Belarus in the XIXth century in particular. Before the investigation and reconstruction of the past one should distinguish the subject of investigation and the means of its description. The languages of sociology, politology and sociolinguistics give adequate concepts and metaphors to study such phenomena as social movement, political movement, mechanism of emergence of social movement, liberalism, socialism, democratism and etc. This background gives the possibility to distinguish chronological framework necessary to reconstruct the process of development of the Belarusan society from latent groups* to a civil society with numerous political and social strata.